Management Concepts Temasek Holdings Essay Example for Free

The board Concepts Temasek Holdings Essay 1.0 Introduction Temasek Holdings is a huge venture organization situated in Singapore. It is a functioning participator in the venture game, holding offers and interests in a wide scope of businesses everywhere throughout the world. Likewise with numerous organizations everywhere throughout the world, Temasek Holdings was influenced unequivocally by the Global Financial Crisis, losing more than 30 percent of the estimation of their portfolio (Schmermerhorn, J. Davidson, P. Poole, D. Simon, A. Woods, P Chau, S.L. 2011). Temasek’s CEO Ho Ching has been scrutinized for the speculation misfortunes that happened during the monetary emergency, and should now lead the organization through the expanded choppiness that has been introduced to them. In doing as such, a potential issue that Temasek Holdings is right now confronting is one of authority. On the off chance that right administration forms with respect to initiative are not applied, the organization could confront much more dreadful results. To guarantee that initiative doesn't turn into an issue, Ho Ching must apply powerful administration procedures to Temasek Holdings. This report will research different initiative choices, deciding a sufficient way to deal with administration that will help this organization in being fruitful later on. Two initiative models will be evaluated inside and out. It is normal that both will help the organization in proceeding in the long haul, anyway one alternative will be increasingly appropriate and useful to Temasek Holdings. 2.0 Literature Themes or Arguments As Temasek’s CEO has as of late experience harsh criticism for her steadiness in administration, it is obvious that a change must be made in the manner the organization is overseen in the event that they are to effectively stay with a similar CEO. Authority is key in standard conditions, yet it is considerably increasingly fundamental to the business through times of unsteadiness, making it imperatively critical to the occupation of the organization to apply proper administration strategies. It is inconceivable for a lot of explicit qualities to characterize whether somebody is a decent pioneer, anyway some specific individual characteristics have been distinguished as being basic among fruitful pioneers: drive, fearlessness, inventiveness, intellectual capacity, business information, inspiration, adaptability, genuineness and honesty. (Schmermerhorn, J. Et al. 2011). Vision and force are additionally indispensable to great authority; anyway these things are not accomplished s imilarly. A wide range of conduct hypotheses have been created trying to characterize great initiative styles. A generally utilized model of the board is Fred Fiedler’s possibility model. Fiedler’s hypothesis takes a gander at coordinating different kinds of individuals to different circumstances, to some degree an either/or idea. It depends on the way that someone’s style of authority is character based, in this way making it hard to change. Or maybe, the Fiedler model proposes putting individuals of explicit initiative styles with circumstances that coordinate that style, as opposed to attempting to change their own authority style, to make progress (Wang, Victor C X; Berger, Jim 2010, pg. 6). Fiedler groups individuals into two initiative styles: relations-orientated and task-orientated. Relations-orientated individuals are characterized as â€Å"a individual who is persuaded to look for noticeable quality in relational relations, who is worried about acceptable relations with others, who is chivalrous in his connection with bunch individuals, and who will in general diminish uneasiness and increment the individual change of his coworkers,† (Hill, Walter. 1969, pg. 34) though an undertaking orientated individual is portrayed to be somebody who â€Å"rejects those with whom he can't work, and gets need satisfaction and confidence from execution of the assignment. He is, in this manner, worried about playing out the undertaking and he is eager to consign relational relations to an auxiliary position† (Hill, Walter. 1969, pg. 35) Display I (Hill, Walter. 1969, pg. 36) above shows how relations-arranged and task-situated individuals are resolved, through pioneer part connections, pioneer position force and assignment structure. It does this by deciding how well an individual associates with individuals (relations) and that they are so devoted to errands. As indicated by Hill (1969), this model is compelling and further tests done confirm with Fiedler’s discoveries, making it an exact model. Slope noticed that there are such huge numbers of factors that occasionally it is hard to compute the specific initiative style that is proper for somebody; anyway it is valuable as it assists with doling out pioneers to explicit errands and representative how effective administration ought to be accomplished. Concerning Temasek, it ought to be built up what â€Å"type† of pioneer Ching is, and the organization would need to work with that before any initiative objectives ought to be set up. Another basic model is the Hersey-Blanchard Situational Leadership Theory (SLT). It is broadly utilized in the business division and was created by Paul Hersey and Kenneth H. Blanchard. This model depends on pioneers altering their styles dependent on the development of their adherents, which is shown by the â€Å"readiness† (how capable and willing or certain) of supporters (Schmermerhorn, J. Et al. 2011). At the point when development (mentally and execution shrewd) is reached, it implies a decrease in help and direction can happen, imparting a positive sign of trust and certainty. A director must glance at workers and assess how best to play out a specific undertaking in a specific circumstance, and when the circumstance changes, the administration style recently utilized may not be as fruitful in the new circumstance (Hambleton, Ronald K; Gumpert, Ray. 1982, pg 227). Once more, authority styles are characterized as relationship-orientated and task-orientated, anyway in this model administration styles are ordered into four gatherings: designating, partaking, selling and telling. This model is valuable to organizations as it has different various sorts of stages dependent on the characterization of relations-orientated and task-orientated authority (Figure 1). It separates the two kinds further, into the four sorts above, in this manner making it simpler to order. Once more, in any case, factors become possibly the most important factor, and it very well may be seen from different research that the SLT model has its impediments. Goodson (1989) states that when further investigations have been led on this model, the principle classifier of gatherings (â€Å"maturity† or ability) has basically no effect to the administration style of an individual (Goodson, Jane R; McGee, Gail W; Cashman, James F. 1989, pg. 446). Additionally, Goodson built up that in these tests no real proportion of development or potentially preparation was extremely conceivable when leading exploration on the SLT model, making it hard to state for certain whether the model can be successful. Moreover, Blank (1990) makes further reference to the way that there is practically zero research supporting this model in his investigations, saying that both putting together the exploration with respect to the fundamental factor (development) just as progressively complex techniques, little help was found to confirm with the primary hypotheses of the model (Blank, Warren; Weitzel, John R; Green, Stephen G. 1990, pg. 579). bogus 3.0 Recommendations On account of Temasek Holdings, it very well may be said that receiving another authority approach will be completely valuable for the organization. No data is offered with regards to what current initiative styles are utilized, yet the measure of analysis being gotten right now delineates that a change is required. Of the two administration hypotheses examined, it very well may be said that both have negative and positive focuses, likewise with any business order. Fiedler’s model uses three deciding components: pioneer part connections, pioneer position force and undertaking structure, to decide how an administration style will function viably. This is basically helpful to a business as it permits more than one factor to decide an administration style, giving a progressively precise depiction of what initiative style will fit a circumstance. This model was additionally verified with inquire about directed by Hill (1969) who led an examination that exhibited that Fiedler’s was quite often powerful in the working environment. Be that as it may, there were confinements concerning factors. As each individual is so extraordinary character astute there is countless factors, not which can all be arranged. Along these lines, a few factors might be missed or barred, yet generally speaking the conclusive outcome doesn't change, making the model extremely compelling. The subsequent hypothesis, Hersey-Blanchard’s SLT, utilizes development as the premise of figuring how an authority style will be compelling. This could be compelling somewhat, anyway both Goodson (1989) and Blank (1990) contend that only one deciding component isn't sufficient to warrant a viable model. The model is useful as it separates initiative styles into four evident classes; the issue is figuring out which character fits into these classifications. No away from of development is conceivable, making it hard to classify administration styles. Goodson (1989) likewise expresses that development and fitness has no genuine impact on initiative styles. Taking a gander at these outcomes, it very well may be prescribed that for Temasek Holdings to keep working at a significant level, the Fiedler model of possibility ought to be utilized as a model for allotting administration undertakings. Giving each pioneer in a business assignments dependent on their character is beneficial as it implies rather than the individual working with something they are not explicitly styled for, they can be fit with errands that suit them. By and large, this will roll out a huge improvement both in representative fulfillment (laborers are doing tasks that suit their character style, hence making them progressively content) just as creation, as the authority style they are alloted will function admirably for them. Models by Hill (1969) are additional proof that this model accomplishes for sure work, and that it can bring constructive outcome

How to Write a Hypothesis Paper

How to Write a Hypothesis PaperIt is almost impossible to go into a university with any degree of success without knowing how to write a hypothesis paper. This particular paper type is one of the most important requirements for an academic career, and it is also one of the simplest to understand. However, it is crucial that you understand exactly what goes into the writing of this paper.For starters, you must understand that you are merely writing to get past your professors and obtain your degree, and you are not attempting to prove anything to these great minds. At the same time, however, you are also writing to provide a certain amount of direction for your fellow students. And if they are following what you write, they will be more inclined to do so themselves. The method of making sure that you can follow what you wrote also provides a basis for your own writing.You need to understand that how to write a hypothesis paper involves you coming up with some sort of idea that will he lp the other students in your class become successful. This may seem like an obvious idea, but it's quite easy to get lost in trying to come up with your own ideas and coming up with something truly unique and ground-breaking. All you really need to understand how to do is stick to some of the most common ideas that you will be exposed to when you take your classes.You will need to start by looking at these ideas and coming up with an original thought on them. As you study, you will be able to come up with ideas that are uniquely yours. These ideas should be something that you will be proud of for years to come.Another thing that you will need to understand about how to write a hypothesis paper is that you need to be able to come up with original ideas that other people haven't even thought of. If your professor has not even thought of an idea, then chances are that you have no idea what you are talking about. This could very well spell disaster for your grades. If you can show that you know some new and interesting things that only a handful of other people in your class have ever heard of, you will likely find yourself in the Dean's office for having too much freedom.If you are asked to research something, you need to make sure that you are looking at sources that are completely original. There are many resources that say that they have been used before, but when you actually look through them, you find that they are not original. You should always use these resources as they are written and in the original. This will help you be able to come up with ideas that are original.It is essential that you make sure that your sources are completely original as well, and this means that you need to make sure that the formatting is not copied from elsewhere. There are many resources that claim to be from the original source material, but once you open them up, you see that they are actually written in a style that looks very similar to that of your professor's or your book. You should never plagiarize someone else's ideas.Finally, you need to make sure that you thoroughly understand all of the ideas that you come up with, and you need to be able to show that you understand the original concepts of the ideas that you are providing. You should be able to understand and explain these ideas to the class with ease. By following these simple steps, you will be well on your way to understanding how to write a hypothesis paper.

The Exploration of Turmoil in Wilfred Owens Storm - Literature Essay Samples

For the Ancient Greeks, the concept of love was divided into six different categories: in particular, eros represented the idea of sexual passion and desire. While current societies tend to glorify this variety of romantic love, Greek culture viewed eros as something potentially dangerous; such intense ardour becomes the downfall of man, his weakness and insanity. For the main persona in Owens Storm, it is this power of unrequited love that creates a sense of turmoil ubiquitous throughout the verse. A primary aspect of this piece’s approach is its manipulation of pathetic fallacy to convey the speaker’s feelings about the object of their affections. By comparing this person to the titular ‘storm’, Owen simultaneously expresses his own feelings of inferiority and inadequacy. For example, the very beginning speaks of beauty that is ‘as a cloud with glimmering lightning’; it is beauty that is as fascinating as it is dangerous, and immediately brings to mind the horror of being struck. In the speaker’s case, to be attracted to someone who could also be a source of harm is disconcerting, and sets up the inner struggle that is preserved throughout the following stanzas. Again, the personification extends to the lover’s cloudlike ‘shadowing’ of the speaker, almost as if stalking him, and their reaction is evident: ‘I shook, and was uneasy as a tree’. The discomfort caused is so great that the persona is tre mbling, but whether this unease is as a result of awe, fear, or anxiety is unclear this ambiguity further supports the speaker’s confused mentality. Yet, regardless, the persona is ‘bowed’ to the sheer force of this storm: though they grapple with their internalised turmoil, they know there is an inescapable power the subject has over them, a ‘brilliant danger’ that they are madly drawn to. It is this same sentiment that continues into the second stanza: the persona’s hesitant acceptance of their infatuation. It is his duty to ‘tempt that face to loose its lightning’ this metaphor exists as an end-stop sentence, a fully-formed sentence that sits as a very stark confession to the reader. Despite the likelihood of unknown, negative consequences, there is a willingness to at least try. However, the characteristic sense of disturbance and unrest is still perpetuated. The lover is not only so unforgettable and dangerous that these qualities are immortalised in this metaphorical tempest, he is ‘lovelier than love’, too good to be true. As such, Owen’s desire for somebody so unattainable throws his heart into a desperate yearning, only further complicating the chaotic nature of the poem. In this simile here we learn that, not only are they in love with somebody beautiful to a fatal fault, but the implication is that this love may be unr eciprocated. Owen’s penchant for classic allusions is employed to develop on this point, by referring to the Greek gods who ‘will laugh above’. Knowing they are infatuated with somebody who might not even know they exist is such a humiliating experience for the persona that they can see a higher power tormenting them for it but it is clear to the reader that this is created in the speaker’s own mind. This turmoil is imposed on the speaker by themselves, a feeling of internalised shame and foolishness that the lover’s silence and difference has inflicted. For Owen’s persona, the anguish of love is threefold: the previous quatrains dealt with the danger of this human storm and the pain of unrequited love, but the final stanza sheds the light on the most painful component. While there has been an implicit undercurrent of disturbance and unease in the preceding verses, it is now that Owen directly acknowledges these concerns when he defiantly questions the men who will ‘cry aloud and start’, and the women who ‘hide bleak faces’ at the sight of his maddening love. Yet again, there is a suggestion of mockery: the term ‘hilarious’ is chosen distinctly to describe the speaker’s downfall, bringing to mind an image of a relationship that is taunted and ostracised by the mainstream sections of society. To this persona, the most intimidating facet of this potential love is the disapproval it will face in the eyes of the public: it is against this condemnation that they will be ‘bright wi th their unearthly brightening’. This phrase is a specific example of various promises Owen makes to love against all odds, and the rhetorical question posed in the finale suggests that these odds are seemingly unsurmountable. In the context of Owen’s own personal experiences, many schools of thought debate the possibility of this poem exploring repressed homosexuality. These ending lines compared with the use of male pronouns throughout provide strong evidence in favour of this argument. Presuming this poem could potentially serve as a confession of love to another man, Owen’s historical context is likewise important. Suppressed by an intensely homophobic community, this speaker’s turmoil could potentially also be a result of fear of the consequences of a same-sex relationship. Even in the structure of the poem, this is represented by the combination of Shakespearean and Petrarchan sonnet styles in the changing rhyme schemes: the going against convention is a physical extension of the ostracism the speaker feels. This coherently supports the overarching feeling of turbulence and uncertainty that is present through this work. However, where the two previous quatrains posed problems and queries, it is in this final sestet that Owen reaches a sense of calm and offers something of a resolution. The first two stanzas feature incredible varied lineation, creating an idea of wild, anguished movement, while the resolution is represented by a relatively normal structure. Here, even despite all the various and suffocating examples of pain and turmoil he has cited, the young lover persona is determined to ‘shine the opening of my heart’: they are ready for the light of their truth, and ready to experience this love. Love is at times a state of war, and to love a person who is so destructively beautiful against all odds is nothing short of a bloodbath. Yet, in spite of these tangible fears of unrequited love and the societal pressure to quell the speaker’s passion, a quiet vow is made to love even if it their ‘sap consume’. No matter the self-sacrifice, Owen is resolute in this promise: but the courage it requires is incomparable, and the turmoil in the heart of a speaker who faces the world alone still lingers long after the reader finishes the last line.

Effects Of Child Labor During The Industrial Revolution...

Effects of Child Labor in the Industrial Revolution versus Modern Europe By: Lariah Thiel Child labor has been a very big problem since the Industrial Revolution. As the world began to industrialize, the demand for labor increased greatly. During the Industrial Revolution child labor became a very important aspect of everyday life because the demand for laborers had grown so much. Families were not only dependent on adults for money, but they were also dependent of their children. Some children began working under the age of 8, and to some that is just not right. During the Industrial Revolution children were needed in many different industries such as coal mines, factories, and in agriculture. Child Labor has been proven to have very harmful effects on the children. This is because the children were put in hazardous, unhygienic conditions that brought harm to their health. Along with health problems it also caused a lot of stress to the children because the children were not only expected to do work, but also to go to school, and help around the house. Labor in the Coal Mines During the industrial revolution there was a huge demand for coal, this was because coal was used to fuel railroads. The increase in demand for coal meant that there was a huge demand for laborers. Coal miners were brought from all ages. Children started working in the coal mines as young as eight years old. The children had to perform all different types of jobs in the coal mines.Show MoreRelated The Evolution of Childhood in Europe and America Essay2089 Words   |  9 PagesThe Evolution of Childhood in Europe and America Somewhere around the beginning of the seventeenth century, the perception of the nature of childhood -- its duration, its perceived purpose, its requirements, its quality -- changed rather significantly in the Eurocentric world, a period Valerie Suransky identifies as a watershed for the modern notion of childhood (1982, p. 6). Actually, two things seemed to have happened: first, the idea of childhood as a separate developmental stage beganRead MoreGlobal Big Business Is the Most Powerful Force for Improving Labor Standards in Developing Countries. Discuss.4605 Words   |  19 PagesGlobal big business is the most powerful force for improving labor standards in developing countries. Discuss. 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For if the intricate relations between language and thought came to be examined late in the 19th century, questions about the intercession betweenRead More The Gilded Age Essay4015 Words   |  17 Pagessocial status. Naturally, the poor will always feel cheated because they feel as if opportunity never has and never will pass them by. The rich, c onversely, will always feel as if they are doing society a great favor simply by having their wealth. Poor versus rich debates will never go away no matter how much change is done to government and society. 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African children attended mission schools, for the most part, and were taught by clergy or by lay teachers, sometimes with government assistance[. Higher education was generally reserved for those who could travel to Europe, but in 1829 the government established the multiracial South African CollegeRead MoreImpact of Emerging Markets on Marketing15122 Words   |  61 Pagesfaithbased sociopolitical institutions in which public policy matters. They also suffer from inadequate infrastructure and chronic shortage of resources. Most of the competition comes from unbranded products or services, and consumption is more of a make versus buy decision and less about what brand to buy. Therefore, many beliefs that are fundamental to marketing, such as market segmentation, market orientation, and brand equity, are at odds with the realities of emerging markets. At the same time, the

What Impact Does Entertainment Technology Have on Child...

INTRODUCTION It is widely believed by many that the ever-increasing proliferation of technology within entertainment has had detrimental effects on those children exposed to them, with many youngsters forgoing the more traditional pursuits in favour of digital interaction with online acquaintances or artificial intelligence. Entertainment now contains a wide variety of technologies including television (standard or interactive), music, computers, games consoles, toys and the internet, to name but a few. The aim of this study is to identify whether these technologies have an impact on the behaviour of children in either a negative or positive aspect. Many experts within the child development field accord to the view that long periods†¦show more content†¦This has been met, however, with a corresponding rise in non-educational and other, marketing-orientated, programmes. This greater range has led to many fears over children spending too much time in front of the television and not engaging in other, more physical activities. PHYSICAL ACTIVITY Whilst it can be argued that technology has enhanced many aspects of our lives, it cannot replace real life completely. Sue Palmer, in her seminal work on child development, described how, as a result of over-protective parenting or due to very real safety concerns, traditional play has been replaced by an over-reliance on technology; a â€Å"screen-based lifestyle† and she argues that: â€Å"without sufficient opportunities to work off excess energy, any child...will be frustrated and fractious.† (2007, p53) This view is supported by Webster-Stratton who described television as â€Å"rendering children passive† and referred to research indicating that excessive exposure to television and computers â€Å"place children at risk for harmful effects on their physical, social and psychological development†. 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Organizational Behavior for Academy of Management - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theOrganizational Behavior for Academy of Management Journal. Answer: Techniques used by the top management or the manager to increase the level of motivation of the employees Yes, I agree with the study that the managers should use motivation techniques, so that the employees can feel motivated and work in effective manner. The article gives main concentration on the techniques that should be considered by the managers, so that the productivity level can be increased. The thesis on which the focus is given is related with the techniques that are used by the top management so that the level of motivation of the employees can be enhanced in proper way. The main responsibility of the manager of Cerkezkoy is to give motivation to the employees, so that the efficiency can be seen in the work. It is very essential to attain the positive results to sustain in the market. If the organization is not able to attain the positive results then it can be very difficult for the organization to exist in the competitive market. The strength which is analyzed in the article is that the motivation techniques and methods give assistance to attain the goals of the organization. For the employees who are working in the organization, the support is considered as an important part. The support should be given to the top management, so that they can easily complete their activities or tasks on time. If the employees work efficiently, then it gives direct impact on the profitability of the organization. The employees or an individual who are working in the organization have their own needs and drives. The manager should analyze the needs so that motivation can be given to the employees, so that the work can be completed in an efficient manner (Vidyarthi, Anand and Liden, 2014). Motivation is a method which initiate and gives emphasis on the behavior of an individual or an employee who is working in the organization. The personal requirements of an employee are satisfied, as long as the individual is motivated to complete the task. It is seen that the manager can only attain the goals and objectives when he can maximize the level of satisfaction of both the employees and the organization. The motivation gives direct impact on the results of the organization. If a company takes into consideration to manufacture the products in large quantity to meet the needs and wants of the consumer and on the same hand if the employee is not motivated towards the work, he production capacity will be reduced and the organization has to face the negative results. The employees are as very important aspect of the organization. No matter how updated the organization uses technology, employees are very essential to conduct and operate the day to day operations of the organizati on (Colbert, Barrick and Bradley, 2014). If the business is successful, then there is a great factor behind it which is related with the level of motivation of the employees. If any of the employees are not motivated or have dissatisfaction from the job then it can give negative result and also hinder the working pattern of the employees. The growth and success of the company depends upon the motivation level of the employees working in the organization. To enhance the level of motivation, the company should use the methods like conducting fun activities at the workplace, programs which are related with compensation, training and also development (Greco, Charlier, Christopher and Brown, 2014). Job satisfaction of the employees is minimizing who are working in the organization. There are many employees who are attracted towards the job which give the balance between the work and family life. It is seen that employee turnover is considered as a very serious problem in the corporate environment. The employees who are not satisfy with the job leaves the organization which creates a major problem for the organization. So to retain more and more employees in the organization, motivation should be done by the top management. Turnover cost can result in very expensive and high. The financial performance of the organization is directly affected (Wilson, 2014). The employees who are working in the organization should feel comfortable to conduct its operations. If the employee is comfortable to work in an organization, then it can be beneficial for the organization and also for the employee. Every employee wants a good environment in which they can conduct their operation effectively. If the employees are not comfortable in conducting the operations, then it can be very difficult for the organization to attain the goals and objectives. The whole responsibility is on the manager to create a good working environment for the workers (Phillips and Phillips, 2016). It is also analyzed that the employees who are conducting the same task on daily basis get bored which gives the negative impact on the job performance. If the level of job performance is low then it is seen that the quality of work and productivity level also decreases. In this situation not only the employee suffers the drawbacks but the company also faces a huge loss. So, it is very essential for the top management or the managers to use the techniques related with motivation (Ford, 2014). To enhance the level of motivation the employees, the managers should try to make accurate job description. It is a type of a document which clearly tells about the responsibilities and duty of the employees (Barrick, Thurgood, Smith and Courtright, 2015). The leadership skills should be implemented by the top managers which will assist the organization to analyze the opportunities which are related with growth and the employees of the organization. The managers should tell about the ideas which are related with finding the opportunities and to enhance the skills of the employees (Goetsch and Davis, 2014). Motivation is an important factor that will help the employee to know about the opportunities that are prevailing in the professional sector. If the job description is made then it can be easy for the organization to enhance the strength of the employees who are bored from their job. By participating in the job description the employees can easily perform their roles and responsibilities and can also enhance their capacity to work in effective manner (Sung and Choi, 2014). In this article it is seen that there are employees who are engaged in the weaving and manufacturing industry. The total numbers of employees are 229 from which 183 are working in the industrial area of weaving and 46 workers are working in the manufacturing plant. By supporting the thesis statement, it is argues that the motivation techniques enhances the efficiency of the workers. There are various theories which are based on enhancing the level of motivation. It is seen in Abrahams Maslow theory of needs which are based the five needs. The hierarchy needs are: Physiological: It consists of the needs which are the basic necessity of an individual. It is concerned with the needs and wants that are very essential for an individual. Safety: It consists of the needs which are concerned with the security and emotional harm of an individual. The managers should give main focus on this, as it can enhance the efficiency of the employees. Social: This need is concerned with the social belongingness of an individual. Esteem: It consists of two factors internal and external in which the self-respect, status and recognition is well defined. The manager should give focus on the needs of an employee, so that the employee can feel happy to conduct its operations. Self-actualization: In this the self-fulfillment needs of an employee or an individual should be analyzed in effective manner (Maslow, 2015). By analyzing this theory, it is seen that the manager gets an idea to enhance the motivation level of the employee by taking into consideration the needs of an individual. The theory is logical and gives a proper understanding of the needs and wants of the consumers (Jehanzeb and Bashir, 2013). Motivation also helps the employee to earn incentives. If the employee is motivated, then it is seen that the work conducted by them is done in proper way and with full dedication and confidence. So, by analyzing the whole article, it can be easily said that motivation is a beneficial technique or the method that should be adopted by the organization, to enhance the productivity and profitability of the organization. By analyzing the article it is seen that it gives a proper outlook of the benefits that can be easily attained by the organization and the employees. The techniques that are implemented by the organization will give a direct effect on the working pattern of the employees and will also help increase the efficiency of the employees (Paill, Chen, Boiral and Jin, 2014). If the employees are efficient towards the work, then it can be a great advantage for both the organization and for the employees, as it can give an opportunity to an employee to earn more and more incentives . References Barrick, M.R., Thurgood, G.R., Smith, T.A. and Courtright, S.H., 2015. Collective organizational engagement: Linking motivational antecedents, strategic implementation, and firm performance.Academy of Management Journal,58(1), pp.111-135. Colbert, A.E., Barrick, M.R. and Bradley, B.H., 2014. Personality and leadership composition in top management teams: Implications for organizational effectiveness.Personnel Psychology,67(2), pp.351-387. Ford, J.K., 2014.Improving training effectiveness in work organizations. Psychology Press. Goetsch, D.L. and Davis, S.B., 2014.Quality management for organizational excellence. Upper Saddle River, NJ: pearson. Greco, L.M., Charlier, S.D., Christopher, J. and Brown, K.G., 2014. Technological Advances in Employee Training and Development. Jehanzeb, K. and Bashir, N.A., 2013. Training and development program and its benefits to employee and organization: A conceptual study.European Journal of business and management,5(2). Maslow, A.H., 2015. A theory of human motivation.Classics of Organization Theory,50, p.142. Paill, P., Chen, Y., Boiral, O. and Jin, J., 2014. The impact of human resource management on environmental performance: An employee-level study.Journal of Business Ethics,121(3), pp.451-466. Phillips, J.J. and Phillips, P.P., 2016.Handbook of training evaluation and measurement methods. Routledge. Sung, S.Y. and Choi, J.N., 2014. Do organizations spend wisely on employees? Effects of training and development investments on learning and innovation in organizations.Journal of organizational behavior,35(3), pp.393-412.

Let Them Eat Fat Essays - Obesity, Bariatrics, Body Shape

Abstract The article ?Let Them Eat Fat? by Greg Crister starts off introducing a story about a boy in a hospital whose body is suffocating in its own fat, or so this is the way they describe it. This boy had two stomach stapling?s that came apart. The author of this article was stricken by the facts of a young boy basically dying of obesity. In America obesity is spreading together with depression, heart disease, and cancer. It is considered alike to life threatening diseases. One fifth of Americans are considered obese. If obesity is ignored by medical practitioners, soon almost all American will be overweight. Children and young adults are more prone to becoming overweight; most of them already are. ?This is an epidemic in the U.S. the likes of which we have not had before in chronic disease.? (Dietz, William) Many fast food restaurants are coming up with solutions to target the most vulnerable of customers. That is, poor inner-city consumers. McDonalds and many other fast food restaurant have offers such as supersizing meals which double or triple in calories and carbohydrates, for only a few cents more. The result of this only leads to health concerns which include the endocrine system. Concerns about diabetes, kidney damage, and heart problems which can eventually lead to a stroke, are brought into consideration. America has become less active and is now exposed to great numbers of growing fast food industries. Obesity seems to be targeting children, and is most common in low income families. It is a problem that must not be ignored. Obesity in children leads to very high numbers of health problems, and if not treated can be fatal. All in all, the question is raised ?What has society come to, and can we improve obesity rates Obesity has been exposed, now the solution lies in our hands.

How the Ethiopian health care system and the implementation of an increased user fee for health services in governmental health institutions The WritePass Journal

How the Ethiopian health care system and the implementation of an increased user fee for health services in governmental health institutions Introduction How the Ethiopian health care system and the implementation of an increased user fee for health services in governmental health institutions Introduction1. Dinition of User Fee2. Aim of the Essay  3.  Ethiopia backgroundEthiopiaUser fee in Ethiopia  Positive ArgumentCounter ArgumentRecommendationsRelated Introduction 1. Dinition of User Fee User fee health care defined as the mandatory and voluntary levies imposed on   a person for consumption of goods or services in governmental or private health institution .In other words it is the amount of money levied on individuals for the use of goods and services from which they receive special benefits (Duff, 2004). 2. Aim of the Essay The aim of the essay is to show briefly the Ethiopian health care system and the implementation of an increased user fee for health services in governmental health institutions. The secondly, I will mention some points in the importance negative and positive effect of user for Ethiopian health care. Finally, I will mention some recommendation that the Ethiopian government should incorporate in the national health care plan of the country. Back ground Information   Global History The Private or voluntary health insurance first started in Europe in the early eighteenth century. In the nineteenth century, private insurance had expanded throughout Europe and spread to North and South America. The social or compulsory insurance was introduced in Germany for industrial workers in 1883, building on the existing voluntary procedures coverage was later extended to family members, their employees and pensioners. Payroll –based social insurance system developed steadily in Europe, and later in Latin America and Asia. The current health finance system in African countries highly related to the health care finance system of colonizing country in the past. Epidemiological health transition from communicable disease to non-communicable disease, 56% of all deaths in the world was from non-communicable disease. These are unevenly distributed among different social classes. None communicable disease was account for 34% of the deaths in the poorest 20% of the world population as compared to 85% among the richest. This indicates that inexpensive effective interventions against communicable diseases still have a high priority in improving the health of the poor. Recessions: the negative effect of structural adjustment program , rising international debts resulted in severe resource shortage for health care systems in many low-income countries in late 1989(Yates 2009), public budget cut , decline in quality and quantity of health   care ,   underpayment of staff and patient dissatisfaction. Prevalence of malnutrition increased in most developing countries and infant mortality rise despite steady improvement during the previous decade (Stewart 1989). In 1987 UNICEF and WHO launched the Bamako initiative , a strategy aimed to improve maternal health and reduce infant   mortality in low income countries through a re-organization of primary health care system and drug distribution (Kanji 1989). World Bank in 1987 financing health service in developing countries: Agenda for reform which is based on introduction of user fee to cover 20% of health expenditure. The revenue will be used to improve health service, as a means of additional revenue generation, to reduce unnecessary demand , to increase peoples responsibility for   their health and to increase rural health care for marginalized population by the revenue.   3.  Ethiopia background Ethiopia Ethiopia is one of the least developed countries in the world with low developmental indicators even the least from in sub-Saharan countries. Ethiopia is 171th out of 182 countries in the world with a value of 0.414 human development indexes which is a composite measure of three dimensions of human developmental indicators:   life expectancy, education and GDP per capita.   According to 2009 UNDP estimate, 44.2 percent of the population lives below the poverty line of under $1.25 per capita per day (UNDP 2009). The number of people living under poverty is expected to rise due the progressive global economic crisis and the country`s increasing population growth. Ethiopia has the worst health outcomes in the world with high under 5-mortality with a value of 166 per 1.000 and maternal mortality rates with a value of 850 per 100,000 (WHO 2009). User fee in Ethiopia Ethiopia health care has been predominantly public until recently with the change in the political policy of the country as democratic and free market. Currently almost half of the health care institutions are privately owned hospital and clinics. Until recently the cost of health care user fee in governmental institutions from out pocket was only 15% but now the cost is increased to 85% of total cost an individual health care consumption .The democratic government has under taken important steps to improve the population`s health status and to make health care more efficient and accessible for everybody. Some improvement in population health indicator such as immunization coverage and slight decline in malnutrition rates since 2006 the protection of basic services program. Nevertheless per capital public spending for health remain far below the average from sub-Saharan Africa. Insufficient equipment and a shortage of health a workers plus strong biases towards curative services and little involvement from the private sector and NGO. The condition further exacerbated by high population growth with an annual growth rate of 2.7 %( 2005-2010 , UNDP 2009). User fee at health care facility thus remain an important feature to generate resource from heavily underfunded health sector. The minister of health is currently considering   national health care scheme.   Positive Argument Ethiopia has been using user fee for health care service many decades to share the cost health care at least 15% of an individual total cost of health care. Since the last decade due to global economic inflation and lack of resources to cover the cost of public health care cost , the government increased the health care cost to 75%. This is very important to increase economic efficiency where by scarce resources are allocated to their most valuable uses both within the public sector and between the private and public sectors. The levied charge enhance the accountability of public sector , making it more responsive to differing preferences and changes in the demand for publicly provided goods and services as well as cost recovery and increased equity . The idea of benefit taxation is applied based on the principle of fairness as every payer pays only for the goods and services that they use. A case of efficiency can be made if the revenue from user fee are channelled into provision of good quality care, increased availability of drugs , and prompt services which should mitigate the negative effects created by lack of access to quality care . Implementation of user fee has a minimal undesirable effect but these could themselves reinforce the adverse effect of user fees which is suffered by the poor. In Africa specifically, the bulk of the problem is financing health care for the poor and predominately rural dwelling. The poor are more sensitive to price changes but not to say health care should be free. In competitive market every economic agent should face their marginal cost of their action. In case health care, health care is a right, a necessity and has externality. The use of community health insurance or prepayment schemes have been found to be viable even from experience in parts of Africa , further viable into the broader perspective of national health insurance schemes or microfinance institutions . The idea of universal coverage likely to increase access of the poor to health care most especially when cross subsidization is possible. Internal private bargain such that achievable the Coase theorem such that demand for heath care does not depend of the distribution of income. This is more related to social solidarity which is very likely to produce valuable results in the African setting. Non-monetary access costs such as travel time are important determinants of health care choices. The geographical distribution of services may make access more difficult for some groups. The revenue can be re-invested to reduce non-monetary access costs and consequently minimize consumer’s welfare loss. The elimination of user fee in some African countries was driven by political motivation for vote maximization (William Nordus submission). Counter Argument Experience in some African countries such as Uganda, user fee abruptly removed in 2001, South Africa in 1994 during the period of transition to democracy has led others similar countries such as Rwanda , Zambia , Brundi, Democratic Republic of Congo and Niger to implement similar reforms though on selected facilities or services showed increased utilization of public services and women are also likely to benefit from reduction in user fees. The implementation of user fee may impose heavier burden on the poor who are most likely to face a higher burden of disease (Nyanator 2009 and Kutzin). It contradicts the very purpose for which public provision was intended and budgetary flexibility will be limited where revenues are ear marked to health expenditure on the publicly provided health services from which the revenue are derived . The presence of user fee can cause sustained decrease in health care service utilization by the poor and middle income family. The attitude individuals towards user fees can adversely impact on government revenue as well as their political viability. The economic theory based on efficiency, marginal value of user fee in public must exceed private(Duff,2009). In early 1980 studies showed that price may not important determinant of demand late studies showed prices may have a significant negative impact of demand for health care especially in developing counties and on the poor. The poor are very sensitive to small changes to price even for health care . Strong link between health and poverty which could lead to medical poverty trap phenomena. The poor who already cannot afford to use private health care services due to high cost can no longer afford to use public . This leads to untreated morbidity, reduced access to health care, longer-term impoverishment and irrational drug use. Evidence further showed increased inequalities associated with user fees. The actors of Ethiopian health care system are the World bank , WHO, UNICEF , the people, government , NGOs, , community leaders, politician and others. Ethiopian government health care has been using very low cost sharing 15% user fee for long period of time but recently due to the structural adjustment program most of the government health care units increased their user fee to 70% from the total cost. The government only covers 30% of the cost of health by covering only the salary of the health worker. All governmental health institutions charge 70% of the total individual health care cost which used as revenue to improve the quality of care and buying medical equipment and other running cost of the health institutions. The user fee in governmental health care units as expensive as the private health care cost which has maginillized the poor and rural dwelling people. The effect of user in poor society has been worse specially for mother and children as they are frequent user of t he health care. Recommendations Health care financing remain a challenge in most low and middle income countries where disease burdens are high due to HIV/AIDS and rising prevalence of non-communicable diseases, scarce resources and constantly competing priority on the public budget (Gottret and Schieber 2006). Out of pocket payments for health care continue to be an important source for revenue for underfunded health system in many developing countries like Ethiopia. Ethiopia has a long history and tradition for user fee for health services and it is in this aspect very different from most of the developing countries that introduced fees in the 1980s.Most of Ethiopian have never experienced free health care in their adult life. . User fees are seen as a financial barrier to healthcare usage, especially by poor households. Delayed or no medical care-seeking behaviours or inability to undergo the recommended hospital care due to high cost in government or private hospitals. The government should try to encourage already existing social sickness fund system which traditional called â€Å"Eders†. In traditional Eder , the members will pay monthly fee which will used if someone lose his family by death for grief and financial stability. Sickness fund(Eder) is another type of social insurance system which is accepted and sustainable method if it is given special focus by the government in controlling how it works and expanding nationwide to protect household from impoverishment in case of major health events. Another alternative is Ethiopia should develop national health insurance system by means health tax from individual household.

Incorporating Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Incorporating Theory - Essay Example Furthermore, it would minimize risks of associated legal liability. Besides, it would ensure economic valuation of care to the patient, the family and the care facility. In view of this, the Change Theory Fall Model would offer a theoretical framework for the implementation of the proposed change. Despite the fact that there has been conflicting evidence in fall prevention programs strategies in long-term care facilities, there are; however, practical evidence-based programs that can be used in the prevention of patient falls (Simmons, 2012). Nevertheless, in order for these implementation strategies to be effectively employed, there has to be a significant behavioral change at the organizational level. This trickles down from key stakeholders such as the facility administration, the patient, and the patient’s family and health care staff. Herdman, Schubert and Tusa (2011), posit that the Change Theory Fall Model would ensure behavioral changes in the key stakeholders of healt hcare delivery that would ultimately result into a reduction in the prevalence and incidence of patient falls. The Change Theory Fall Model is a conceptual framework that was developed by Advanced Practice Nurse as a modification of Kotter and Cohen’s Change Theory (Frieson, Gargis , Frith, & Wagner, 2013). Herdman, Schubert and Tusa (2011), opine that in order for an organization to achieve an effective outcome, synergy is essential through a combination of interventions. In lieu of this, the proposed change is a multivariate of strategies with the aim of reducing the prevalence and incidence of patient falls. The Change Theory Fall Model is a type of Lewin’s Change Management Model. Its major components entail: preparing the facility to accept the changes required, ensuring stakeholders begin to act in a manner showing support to the proposed solution and ensuring the changes are institutionalized and individualized. In retrospect, the proposed change

Gender differences in Business Leadership Style Thesis

Gender differences in Business Leadership Style - Thesis Example This makes them better communicators, more sensitive to other peoples feelings, while their verbal fluency makes them better able to communicate speak well and influence others. Differences in leadership styles: Leadership has traditionally been associated with management, but this may not necessarily represent an accurate view because managers think incrementally while leaders think radically. Moreover, leadership involves a transformation in individuals, according to Spencer, â€Å"â€Å"transformational leadership is a process that changes and transforms individuals†. (Spencer 1). According to Warren Benis, leaders are â€Å"able to express themselves fully. They also know what they want', why they want it, and how to communicate what they want to others, in order to gain their co-operation and support. Lastly, ‘they know how to achieve their goals†. (Bennis 1998: 3). As detailed further below, the brain structure in women which provides them more communicativ e ability may be more conducive to transformational leadership. Three different leadership and decision making styles have been identified, namely (a) authoritarian (b) democratic and (c) bureaucratic, based upon decision making patterns of the leader(Burns, 1977). When the leadership style is authoritarian or autocratic, then the leader seeks to retain as much of the decision making power as possible, exercises authority and control and retains the responsibility for decisions (Burns, 1997). The advantages of this leadership style are faster decision making and a work group that functions in a structured manner. The disadvantages however, are that team members may not respond well to being ordered around or may become too dependent on the... Leadership has traditionally been associated with management, but this may not necessarily represent an accurate view because managers think incrementally while leaders think radically. Moreover, leadership involves a transformation in individuals, according to Spencer, â€Å"â€Å"transformational leadership is a process that changes and transforms individuals†. (Spencer 1). According to Warren Benis, leaders are â€Å"able to express themselves fully. They also know what they want', why they want it, and how to communicate what they want to others, in order to gain their co-operation and support. Lastly, ‘they know how to achieve their goals†. (Bennis 1998: 3). As detailed further below, the brain structure in women which provides them more communicative ability may be more conducive to transformational leadership. Three different leadership and decision making styles have been identified, namely (a) authoritarian (b) democratic and (c) bureaucratic, based upon decision making patterns of the leader(Burns, 1977). When the leadership style is authoritarian or autocratic, then the leader seeks to retain as much of the decision making power as possible, exercises authority and control and retains the responsibility for decisions (Burns, 1997). The advantages of this leadership style are faster decision making and a work group that functions in a structured manner. The disadvantages however, are that team members may not respond well to being ordered around or may become too dependent on the leader and helpless to function in an emergency.

It is not an essay but quistions Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

It is not an but quistions - Essay Example AS a result, the number reduced making it inferior to withstand the forces from the north. The other success was in Gettysburg. In the battle, the army under the command of Lee suffered a significant loss. In the battle, there were massive casualties. As a result, Lee side was demoralised on invasion of the north and, therefore, had to retreat to Virginia. The 1890 can be described as a watershed of the 1900’s in different ways. In the period, various changes defined the 1900’s. First, there was consolidation of various railway projects that had begun in the second part of the century. The consolidation helped in emergence of various industries that helped spur economic growth in the 1900’s. Moreover, the emergence of industries led to economic dominance of United States in the following century. Secondly, industrialization led to increased immigration to America. For example, there was increasing number of immigrants. Most came from Europe. They were looking for work and increased freedom. Consequently, there was growth of cities where the immigrants settled leading to increased urbanization. However, the period also saw increased discrimination. The discrimination was directed to African American. The period saw the passage of authoritarian laws such as Jim Crow laws that authorised segregation of African Americans. The law also allowed lynching of African Americans in the southern side. The changes led to rise of civil rights groups in then 1990’s. Moreover, there was a rise of exceptional leaders agitating for equality of different races over the same time such as Dubois and Martin Luther King. Additionally, the period saw the rise of various political parties. The parties were because of activism of farmers. In the period, farmers complained of reduced prices of commodities such as wheat and cotton. One of such parties was the People’s Party (Populist Party). The party was agitating for political

African Americans role of Television Essay -- essays papers

African Americans role of Television The roles African Americans play on television are not satisfactory. Though the roles have changed during the development of television, the current relationship is not representative of true African American people or their lifestyles. The question is how do the past roles African Americans play in television sitcoms compare to the current roles? How does this affect society’s perception of the African American in American culture? Throughout the history of television the roles and the representation of African Americans has developed with the changing cultural conditions. However, the representation of African American’s has not fully simulated into today’s society. What the average citizen views on his or her television does not accurately portray the African American’s influence on America. The early days of television held great optimism and hope for this new form of media as an avenue for African Americans to assimilate into white American culture. However, a pattern became evident, a pattern of type casting African Americans in roles which did not accurately and wholly portray the individual. A misrepresentation of African Americans became the common image on television. Variety shows initially promoted the new media as an opportunity for equal representation and communication between the races. However, a trend developed with African Americans often being â€Å"portrayed as custodians, maids, servants, clowns, or buffoons† (Crenshaw). The negative image, which was developed by these stereotypes, was perpetuated in the Amos and Andy Show. This television show began as a radio show featuring two white men portraying two comedic black men. When the show was transferred to television, two African American men were cast in the roles, acting as buffoons. The popularity of the show was overwhelming. This was the initial image of African Americans in television, which reached mainstreams Caucasian America and was the foundation for which future stereotypes were created. A new image of African American families was presented in the eighty’s with the Cosby Show. The Huxtable’s were a successful African American family with a life similar to the accepted and established Caucasian mainstream. This show was not accepted fully because it failed to represent the full cultural scope of African Americans. The current... ...After giving the presentation there were many different views coming from the audience which were not expected. The audience did not hold the same views presented to them. The point addressed was about how Will Smith was the buffoon on The Fresh Prince of Bel Air. They did not feel Will Smith was acting buffoonish, they thought he just brought comedy to the show. The audience seemed to focus on black people acting white rather than black people acting ignorant. They brought up the character Carlton, and how he acted white. When asked the question how they knew he was acting white they said he went to an all white school and was influenced by the way they acted. The audience also said Will criticized Carlton for acting white. They excused Will's buffoonish actions by saying white people were also made fun of through Carlton's character. This brings up the question how do we know what is characterized as acting "black" or acting "white", and what makes a show a "black" show or a " white" show. Again these questions revert back to the fact television shows have embedded stereotypes in our society. This makes people believe there must be a typical "black" person and "white" person.

Life Define Leadership Essay

What is the leadership? I often ask myself. Leadership is a very abstract concepts, some people don’t have a way to go to real life define leadership, even if he is now running a large company even leadership a country. Because of its category is too big. Through a few weeks of classroom study, I gradually with the own leadership definition, began to try to explore what is leadership. Before work experience, also have to lead a team, but have no real system to learn what the leadership is. Below the article I will explain the leadership in my heart. Leadership is a process of getting things done through people, in the textbook, we begin to contact the Leadership of the theory of knowledge, also in class, through a few small games, such as Marshmallow tower, practice Leadership. The textbook says the three types of leadership, democratic, authoritarian, laissez faire, I think, real leadership is difficult to directly will these separate, and they will fusion these types. In different times and different situation, displays the different style, this is the true leaders. If simple to put a person’s leadership types are classified it is very one-sided. We can only say they are more inclined to what kind. For example, I will talk about my personal experience. When I was a universities’ student in China, I opened an e-commerce company, it called Universities’ cell phone union of China and seven people went into business together for the company, they were students too, I was in them as leader. At first, everyone has great enthusiasm, is with a passion of the cavity work, also rely on my personal charm, because we were both have no money, no experience. Many companies have to work things, such as do website, hair handbill, wait a tired of live. But the work is not ideal, the company does not have profit, after period of time, they began to lose patience, lose passion. They all wanted to give up. Someone suggested, just gave it up, and then strive on useless. And this time, as a team leader, you must stand up, with authoritarian way hold on, in the spirit up motivate them, use the positive spirit to inspire them. Let them think we are a team and never give up. To hold on, we will be successful. This is a very often in the startup problem, if the team leader without certain perseverance and decision making, it is difficult to spend the difficulty. Fortunately, we pass the difficulties, the website has begun to have customers, and someone is looking for us to buy cell phones, gradually have profit. But problems also began, the team started seven of the site’s planning the divergence web site is primarily sell mobile phone, but on the web site are beginning to target customers later, they want to sell other things on the site, and cell phone extraneous matter. This time is to do or do all fine. It is hard to the choice. This time, I had a meeting, and let people talk of the company, through the very democratic way to listen to their views, summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of each, weigh the advantages and disadvantages and website decided to continue to sell mobile phone, the industry bigger, which is conducive to the next development. Through three years of operation, we market distribution in 20 provinces, under the small team have 300 university student, have the same administrative headquarters, we formed a good few department, the finance department, the Marketing Department, human resources department, technology department, administration department. Form a comparison of the regulation of the company. I can say, the company exercise great leadership skills. Also in the actual experience accumulated a lot of experience for leadership. Leadership means responsibility. It’s adventure and often fun, but it always means responsibility. The leader is the guy the others look to get the job done How to use the leadership knowledge . There are many leadership case analysis, or Project, and emphasizes the grasp of the business world now, after the study of the leadership course, we can easily see clear a enterprise under the surface of the actual operation of the means, the enterprise strategy, culture, capital, etc. Of course these to personal future career will not have a direct function, but it is an indispensable exercise. The future of my leadership From the leadership class let me from thinking came out, let me know a completely different world, let me made clear the idea of starting my own business. I believe the leadership value, also hope to have more students, no matter whether have the class and have joined the innovative team . let us together to do some different things, and not waste their own intelligence and one cavity warm blood. You are not a finished leader. No one ever is, not even a president or prime minister. But you are an explorer of the human mind because now you are going to try to learn how to get things done through people. This is one of the keys to leadership. So I will change my style and try different kinds of leadership style in the classroom. Constantly to experience feel, this is advantageous to the development of future better. I have enjoyed this class that can let me know some different things. The teacher has many ways to help the student know some leadership knowledge like the small games. And you are very easy to master this theory, also easy to define. You can use knowledge be applied to real life. Thank you for the teacher.

The Destruction of the Drinking Age - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 600 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2019/07/01 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Lowering The Drinking Age Essay Did you like this example? Why can an 18 year old die for our country, vote on decisions that affect us all, and go to prison but cannot drink alcohol legally? The drinking age in America should be lowered from 21 to 18 in order to lose alcohols forbidden allure, decrease the number of binge drinking cases, and raise awareness and educate the dangers of alcohol use. According to David J. Hansen, a sociology professor at State university in New York When we raise the drinking age to 21, which incidentally is the highest in the world, it makes drinking more attractive to young people (Href, Mailto, and Jacinto). Called the forbidden fruit syndrome people inevitably want what is restricted to them (Griggs). Putting restrictions or limitations on something can evoke or change peoples ideas of importance on that particular item. At 18, teenagers are legally branded as adults. We can finally vote, we can drive without limits, we can enroll in the military, we can get tattoos, and we can marry without parental consent but for some reason the government decided that we need four more years of supposed adulthood to be able to drink. The drinking age for many countries is 18 and lower because there cultures do not treat alcohol as a terrible poison or magic potion(Herf, Mailto, and Jacinto). Our society has turned alcohol into a secret desire and coping m echanism. We have created this forbidden allure about alcohol drawing teenagers to underground drink being unsupervised which can cause harm to not only them but others around them. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Destruction of the Drinking Age" essay for you Create order Lowering the drinking agea to 18 could decrease the amount of binge drinking cases. The CDC reports that there are 2,200 alcohol poisoning deaths in the US this year and that binge drinking can lead to death from alcohol poisoning(CDC). The majority age of people who binge drink are young adults between the ages of 18-34 (CDC). There are numerous cases of binge drinking when people, specifically college students, turn 21 because most of the time instead of educating people on alcohol use people who have finally turned of age decide to go excessively drink because they do not care or do not know about the harm of alcohol but are rather excited due to the anticipation of waiting for 21 years. Raising awareness and educating people about alcohol use is a better defense towards alcohol instead of raising the drinking age to 21 years old. Alcohol abuse and addiction are two of the most widespread forms of substance abuse in the world, including in the United States(Alcohol.org). A large percentage of the American people develop an addiction to alcohol because they were not educated about the risks and dangers that comes along with alcohol. The world perceives alcohol as a tool to forget or a device to transform you into something else. They forget to mention all of the negative effects of alcohol and how one drink can turn into ten. McCardell, a university president, suggests the idea that like a learners permit, when you turn 18 you are eligible for an alcohol permit after graduation and finishing a course on alcohol awareness (Griggs). Alcohol is not some satanic device meant to ruin your life nor a drug to make you happy. It is merely a type of drink meant for celebrations and special events. Jesus even converts water to wine, which is an alcoholic beverage. Most alcoholic related deaths are contributed from alcohol abuse and addiction but if we lower the drinking age from 18 to 21 we will lose alcohols forbidden allure, decrease the amount of binge drinking cases, and raise awareness about the risks and dangers about alcohol use.